Ellis Classification of Tooth Fractures: A Clinical Guide for Dental Students
Introduction Traumatic dental injuries are among the most common emergencies encountered in dental practice, particularly in children and young adults. Proper diagnosis of crown fractures is essential for determining prognosis and selecting appropriate treatment. The Ellis and Davey classification remains one of the most widely used systems for categorizing traumatic fractures of anterior teeth. This article provides a comprehensive overview of Ellis classification, clinical features, diagnosis, and management protocols relevant for undergraduate and postgraduate dental students. History The Ellis and Davey classification was introduced in 1960 to categorize traumatic dental injuries based on the extent of involvement of enamel, dentin, pulp, and supporting structures. Ellis Classification of Tooth Fractures Class I Fracture (Enamel Fracture) Definition A simple fracture involving only the enamel without dentin exposure. Clinical Features Loss of a small enamel fragment ...